Using Integrated-Circuit Logic Gates

Many different types of logic gates are available on integrated circuits (ICs).
The information about these circuits along with their pin assignments can be found in the manufacturers manual.
The terms quad (four), triple (three) and dual (two) are used to indicate the number of logic gates on an IC.
These logic gates can usually be obtained in a 14-pin Dual-in-Line Package (DIP) IC where pin 14 is +V_cc and pin 7 is ground.
Pin 1 is identified by a small circle next to it or by a notch in the end of the case between pins 1 and 14.